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Hotlink Protection Tutorial (Apache Server - .htaccess files)
NeutralizeR
Join Date: Aug 2005
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NeutralizeR NeutralizeR is offline 07-24-2006, 10:00 PM
What is hotlinking and bandwidth theft?

Bandwidth theft or "hotlinking" is direct linking to a web site's files (images, video, etc.). An example would be using an <img> tag to display a JPEG image you found on someone else's web page so it will appear on your own site, eBay auction listing, weblog, forum message post, etc.

Bandwidth refers to the amount of data transferred from a web site to a user's computer. When you view a web page, you are using that site's bandwidth to display the files. Since web hosts charge based on the amount of data transferred, bandwidth is an issue. If a site is over its monthly bandwidth, it's billed for the extra data or taken offline.

A simple analogy for bandwidth theft: Imagine a random stranger plugging into your electrical outlets, using your electricity without your consent, and you paying for it.

How Do I know I am hotlinking?

This is how you might display an image graphic file in the HTML on your own web page:
HTML Code:
<img src="image.jpg" height="350" width="200">
This tag tells the site to request the file image.jpg on the same server as the rest of the files on the site. If you were to hotlink an image from an outside server, the HTML might look like this:
HTML Code:
<img src="http://notmysite.com/image.jpg" height="350" width="200">
This tag tells the site to request the image.jpg from a different server other than your own. Every time the page is loaded, the outside server has to use its bandwidth to display the image. To avoid this problem, don't link to files on servers that don't belong to you. To share images and files on your own web page, upload them to your own server's directory or to a free image hosting service that allows direct linking.

Why should I stop hotlinking?

Hotlinking can have a lot of undesirable consequences. One is the so-called "switcheroo". If you've linked to an image on someone's server, what's to prevent them from changing the image you linked to? This can have humorous results. Since most sites, forums, etc. have strict policies about offensive images, it wouldn't take much for an aggravated webmaster you've been stealing bandwidth from to shut you down completely with an unwanted "switcheroo".

Displaying an image or file that doesn't belong to could be a violation of copyright, making you open to litigation. The owner of the file could utilize DMCA law to have your site shut down and your information given for use in legal proceedings.

How can I test to see if my image can be hotlinked?

Use our URL hotlink checker below to check the hotlinking protection (such as an htaccess file) on your web site. Enter the complete URL below (ex: http://mysite.com/image.jpg) to see if your image can be loaded and hotlinked by an outside server.

Click to go to the Resource & Test Page

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Following text may not be an ultra professional experience but i've been using these techniques for 2 years and they are working great for me.

I've been running two dedicated servers and i've full control over them (my .htaccess file lines included in my httpd.conf file). If your hosting is shared and got some restrictions to use .htaccess files on your account, you should contact your hosting company first to enable them.
Notice: .htaccess files can only be used by Apache web servers and they will not work on a windows system.

Hotlink Protection Enabled .htaccess File Tutorial

-Create a new TXT file named *'sample.htaccess' and open it with your text editor (NotePad). *Windows users won't be able to create it as '.htaccess' so you have to rename 'sample.htaccess' to '.htaccess' after it's been uploaded to your server.

-Copy and paste the following lines to 'sample.htaccess' file:
Quote:
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.yourdomain.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.yourdomain.com$ [NC]
http://www.yourdomain.com/forum/ [R,NC]
-Change RewriteRule .*\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|bmp|swf)$ http://www.yourdomain.com with your domain name.
-Upload 'sample.htaccess' file to your web server's root and rename it to '.htaccess'.

Read the following text to figure out how to customize your own .htaccess file.

RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$ = Allow direct requests (ie. entering the url to an image in your browser). People can't publish your image files at their own web pages but they still can view them by entering their url in the browser window. These images can also be viewed (shared) by clicking on their urls in Instant Messenger windows.

[NC] = "No Case", meaning match the url regardless of being in upper or lower case letters.

[R] = Redirect

*(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|bmp|swf) = Files to block

I used to redirect blocked files to a custom .jpe image file. If you prefer this option, you should use the following .htaccess file:
Quote:
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.yourdomain.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.yourdomain.com$ [NC]
RewriteRule .*\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|bmp|swf)$ http://www.yourdomain.com/nohotlinking.jpe [R,NC]
Upload a tiny jpg file with a text on it like "Hotlinking is not allowed!" and change it's extension to .jpe. This JPEG image is using the extension jpe instead of jpg to prevent blocking your own replacement image.

My .htaccess file:
Quote:
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.msxlabs.org/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.msxlabs.org$ [NC]
RewriteRule .*\.(mp3|mpeg|mpg|ram|rm|wma|wav|asx|wmv|avi|mov|z ip|rar|exe)$ http://www.msxlabs.org/forum/ [R,NC]

RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.msxlabs.org/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.msxlabs.org$ [NC]
RewriteRule .*\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|bmp|swf)$ http://www.msxlabs.org/forum/ [R,NC]
This .htaccess file redirects people to my forum homepage who are trying to access the file types which are listed in the blocked files list.

First piece of lines got RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$ line as i don't want people to be able to access those kind of files directly. (The protection for the image files doesn't have that line)

If you don't want a redirection for (mp3|mpeg|mpg|ram|rm|wma|wav|asx|wmv|avi|mov|zip|r ar|exe), you can use replace that line with the following display your Error Code 404 page:

Quote:
RewriteRule .*\.(mp3|mpeg|mpg|ram|rm|wma|wav|asx|wmv|avi|mov|z ip|rar|exe)$ [F,NC]
Example: 404 - MsXLabs

.htaccess files effect the folder it's in and all of the subfolders.

If you want to exclude a subfolder from the hotlink protection, create another .htaccess file with the lines below and upload it to that directory:
Quote:
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^.*$ -
IMPORTANT NOTE: PLEASE DELETE ANY EXTRA SPACES ADDED BY VBULLETIN. (jpg|jpeg|gif|png|bmp|swf) THERE SHOULD'T BE ANY SPACES BETWEEN THE EXTENSION TYPES.
Feel free to reply this thread if i made some mistakes

This tutorial is written by NeutralizeR @ MsXLabs Organization
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  #12  
Old 10-01-2006, 07:49 AM
MrOnline MrOnline is offline
 
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when i try this all i get is
Internal Server Error

The server encountered an internal error or misconfiguration and was unable to complete your request.

Please contact the server administrator, webmaster@tvandsportstreams.com and inform them of the time the error occurred, and anything you might have done that may have caused the error.

More information about this error may be available in the server error log.
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  #13  
Old 10-01-2006, 03:31 PM
NeutralizeR NeutralizeR is offline
 
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Quote:
Originally Posted by MrOnline
when i try this all i get is
Internal Server Error

The server encountered an internal error or misconfiguration and was unable to complete your request.

Please contact the server administrator, webmaster@tvandsportstreams.com and inform them of the time the error occurred, and anything you might have done that may have caused the error.

More information about this error may be available in the server error log.
There must be a misspelling or an extra space in your .htaccess file.
Please paste the contents of your .htaccess file here.
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  #14  
Old 10-01-2006, 07:04 PM
MrOnline MrOnline is offline
 
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RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.tvandsportstreams.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.tvandsportstreams.com$ [NC]
RewriteRule .*\.(mp3|mpeg|mpg|ram|rm|wma|wav|asx|wmv|avi|mov|z ip|rar|exe)$ http://www.tvandsportstreams.com/forum/ [F,NC]

RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.tvandsportstreams.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.tvandsportstreams.com$ [NC]
RewriteRule .*\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|bmp|swf)$ http://www.tvandsportstreams.com/forum/ [F,NC]

had a better look and changed it to the following

Code:
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.tvandsportstreams.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.tvandsportstreams.com$ [NC]
RewriteRule .*\.(mp3|mpeg|mpg|ram|rm|wma|wav|asx|wmv|avi|mov|zip|rar|exe)$ [F,NC]

RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.tvandsportstreams.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.tvandsportstreams.com$ [NC]
RewriteRule .*\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|bmp|swf)$ [F,NC]
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  #15  
Old 10-01-2006, 08:50 PM
NeutralizeR NeutralizeR is offline
 
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So, is it working now?

This is mine (in httpd.conf):
Code:
Options All -Indexes
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\.msxlabs\.org
RewriteRule (.+) http://www.msxlabs.org%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.msxlabs.org/.*$      [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.msxlabs.org$      [NC]
RewriteRule .*\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|bmp|swf|mp3|mpeg|mpg|ram|rm|wma|wav|asx|wmv|avi|mov|zip|rar|exe)$ http://www.msxlabs.org/forum/ [R,NC]
ErrorDocument 404 /forum/ [R=301,L]
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  #16  
Old 10-01-2006, 09:13 PM
MrOnline MrOnline is offline
 
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if i was to use it in .conf file, should i then have it in apaceh.conf ??

Kinda noob in linux world :-)
And will it interfer with other sites hosted on same server if i do it in root ?
Not sure where i can do it or what to do if there are more than 1 site i will protect for this..
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  #17  
Old 10-01-2006, 09:38 PM
Delphiprogrammi Delphiprogrammi is offline
 
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Quote:
Originally Posted by MrOnline
if i was to use it in .conf file, should i then have it in apaceh.conf ??

Kinda noob in linux world :-)
no httpd.conf and you have to be "root" to able to access that file
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  #18  
Old 10-02-2006, 06:08 PM
MrOnline MrOnline is offline
 
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i have a bunch of "apache2" services runing when i do ps -A, but no httpd

and the httpd.conf is more or less empty while the apache2.conf hold all information about the server.... And yes it's as root i try..
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Old 10-02-2006, 06:49 PM
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rolandogomez rolandogomez is offline
 
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Thanks, again, I'm not a coder, but I did what you said and it worked. Now one more question, say I want to allow www.domainx.com, www.domainy.com and www.domainz.com how would I do this?

On another note, does it matter if we put http://domain.com or http://www.domain.com or for that matter http://mparton.domain.com ?

Thanks again, rg sends!
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  #20  
Old 10-02-2006, 08:21 PM
NeutralizeR NeutralizeR is offline
 
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Quote:
Originally Posted by rolandogomez
Thanks, again, I'm not a coder, but I did what you said and it worked. Now one more question, say I want to allow www.domainx.com, www.domainy.com and www.domainz.com how would I do this?
Please check the first post, this's already been stated:
Quote:
You should add these extra two lines for each domain you want to allow:
Quote:
Originally Posted by rolandogomez
On another note, does it matter if we put http://domain.com or http://www.domain.com or for that matter http://mparton.domain.com ?

Thanks again, rg sends!
Yes it does.

So you can use this line instead:
Code:
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://(.+\.)?allowed\.com/ [NC]
For more information:
http://altlab.com/htaccess_tutorial.html
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  #21  
Old 10-03-2006, 04:57 AM
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rolandogomez rolandogomez is offline
 
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ok, call me an idiot, but can you show me the "whole" code for this scenario,

1. I need to let my domain, plus it's subdomains (example: http://www.domain.com, http://domain.com, http://extra.domain.com).

2. I also need the ability to pass through to other domains, so they can use images off my server. Example, http://www.domainguest1.com, http://www.domainguest2.com, and http://www.domainguest3.com

Again, my apologies, I just don't see what you're explaining. Any help is greatly appreciated, thanks, rg sends!
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