Confused Alittle

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PHP Code:

        $vbulletin->input->clean_array_gpc('p', array(
                'name'    => TYPE_UINT,
                'name'    => TYPE_INT,
                'name'    => TYPE_STR,
                'name'    => TYPE_NOTRIM,
        )); 


I've added something like that before my insert query, and i want to know if maybe can write a list of when and why to use TYPE_UINT, TYPE_INT, TYPE_STR, TYPE_NOTRIM. I'm having a hard time understanding it. Would be a good how to.