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[How to] Write Plug-ins/Hooks
Brad
Join Date: Nov 2001
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Brad Brad is offline 06-06-2005, 10:00 PM

This is your basic guide to making plug-ins and hooks, as we are all coming over from the 'hack the files' mentality I am posting this thread more for people that are used to hacking the 3.0.x source code and looking to port modifications. Although a newbie should be able to come away with a good understanding of how to do this to .

[high]Things to consider[/high]

Ok before we get started here are a few things to keep in mind. First and foremost plug-ins are stored in the database, serlized, unserlized and evaled on page generation. If you code preforms badly with such a wrapper forget making a plug-in and just hack it, trust me you'll thank yourself for it when your forum gets large.

Second thing, hooks will not get you into every corner of the code. Some things will always be done best with a hack. For example if you are looking to add something but need to query the db for some extra data and want to avoid and extra query (in other words you are going to modify an existing one with a join or such) forget it and hack it in, there are no hooks that let you modify existing queries.

Last but not least hooks are not magic, don't add a million of them and expect your forum to run as fast as it did when you first installed it. Only plug-in/hack-in what you really need!

Ok enough with the boring stuff, lets add our first plug-in!

[high]Basics:[/high]

First thing you need to do is make sure plug-ins are enabled, you can find this option in the admin cp by browsing to vBoptions -> Select Plugin/Hook System from menu -> Set Enable Plugin/Hook System to yes.

Now head to the add plug-in page located at http://www.yoururl.com/forum/admincp/plugin.php?do=add

Lets go over what all these options mean:

Hook Location: This is where the php code will be executed at, hook locations at defined all across vBulletin. You can find them by opening and php file and searching for the var $hook. When you find a bit of php code like this you have found a hook:

PHP Code:
($hook vBulletinHook::fetch_hook('showthread_postbit_create')) ? eval($hook) : false
See that bit fetch_hook('showthread_postbit_create')? Well the text "showthread_postbit_create" is the name of this hook, if you look in the drop down you will find that listed in there somewhere. Incase you are wondering that hook is located in showthread.php at line 1012

Title: This is the title of your plug-in, use a good name because this is the only thing you have to identify the plug-in in the plug-in manager.

Plugin PHP Code: Can you guess? This is where you put your custom php code, on page generation it is executed at the hook location in the .php files. Note that you do not need <?php ?> tags here, in other words:

wrong:

PHP Code:
<?php $var true?>
Right:

PHP Code:
$var true
Plugin is Active: Allows you to turn the plug-in on/off without removing it. If set to 'yes' php code is ran on page execution.

Edit - Thanks to Revan for this addition:

Quote:
[high]vbulletin_plugins.xml[/high]
If you need to tell your users to add a lot of plugins, this will become tedious as much copy/pasting is required. A simpler way would be to use the .xml import. It works just like the importing of templates and phrases, by adding the contained code as a Plugin.
The correct format for a plugin.xml file is like so (thanks to Live Wire):
Code:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<plugins>
	<plugin active="1">
		<title>vB Category Icons</title>
		<hookname>forumdata_start</hookname>
		<phpcode><![CDATA[$this->validfields['forumhomeicon'] = array(TYPE_STR, REQ_NO);]]></phpcode>
	</plugin>
</plugins>
Explanations:
<plugin active="1"> - The 'active' attribute determines the default value of 'Plugin is Active' in the Plugin Manager.
<title></title> - Self explanatory, it is the 'Title' field in the Manager.
<hookname></hookname> - The 'Hook Location' you would select.
<phpcode><![CDATA[ ]]></phpcode> - Anything added in the space between these is added to the 'Plugin PHP Code' part.
[high]Tips[/high]

At first approach coding the plug-in like a hack.

Open the php file you would normally edit and get your mind around the new code.

Once you have a good understanding of the new code you should start looking for where you need to add your custom php. Once you find the right location in the code start looking for a nearby hook, if you don't see one you can work with you are out of luck!

Edit- Thanks to KirbyDE for his addition:

Quote:
Something that might come in handy for those developing Plugins:

In class_hook.php FIND
PHP Code:
function &fetch_hook($hookname)

BELOW that ADD
PHP Code:
DEVDEBUG("Calling Hook $hookname"); 
Then (if debug mode is turned on) you can see which hooks are being called, and when they are being called.
Once you find your hook note its name and apply your changes in the admincp, from here on out you are on your own
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  #12  
Old 06-09-2005, 06:15 PM
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Andreas Andreas is offline
 
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Hmm .... a Query class!
That's what would be needed.

Example
PHP Code:
$query->add_join($table$alias$condition);
$query->add_fields(array('field1''field2' => 'fieldalias'));
$query->add_condition($operator$condition);
... 
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  #13  
Old 06-09-2005, 06:26 PM
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amykhar amykhar is offline
 
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Quote:
Originally Posted by KirbyDE
Hmm .... a Query class!
That's what would be needed.

Example
PHP Code:
$query->add_join($table$alias$condition);
$query->add_fields(array('field1''field2' => 'fieldalias'));
$query->add_condition($operator$condition);
... 
Exactly!
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  #14  
Old 06-09-2005, 07:26 PM
Fusion Fusion is offline
 
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Quote:
Originally Posted by KirbyDE
Hmm .... a Query class!
That's what would be needed.

Example
PHP Code:
$query->add_join($table$alias$condition);
$query->add_fields(array('field1''field2' => 'fieldalias'));
$query->add_condition($operator$condition);
... 
Actually, that's an excellent idea.
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  #15  
Old 06-09-2005, 09:12 PM
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Revan Revan is offline
 
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I have an addition to this tutorial:

[high]vbulletin_plugins.xml[/high]
If you need to tell your users to add a lot of plugins, this will become tedious as much copy/pasting is required. A simpler way would be to use the .xml import. It works just like the importing of templates and phrases, by adding the contained code as a Plugin.
The correct format for a plugin.xml file is like so (thanks to Live Wire):
Code:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<plugins>
	<plugin active="1">
		<title>vB Category Icons</title>
		<hookname>forumdata_start</hookname>
		<phpcode><![CDATA[$this->validfields['forumhomeicon'] = array(TYPE_STR, REQ_NO);]]></phpcode>
	</plugin>
</plugins>
Explanations:
<plugin active="1"> - The 'active' attribute determines the default value of 'Plugin is Active' in the Plugin Manager.
<title></title> - Self explanatory, it is the 'Title' field in the Manager.
<hookname></hookname> - The 'Hook Location' you would select.
<phpcode><![CDATA[ ]]></phpcode> - Anything added in the space between these is added to the 'Plugin PHP Code' part.


// end my contribution (if this is being merged into the first post, nothing below this is to be included)

And just for all you lazy people out there, here is an empty set, ready for copypasting into a blank xml file (only the <?xml and <plugins> tags need to be there already):
Code:
	<plugin active="1">
		<title></title>
		<hookname></hookname>
		<phpcode><![CDATA[]]></phpcode>
	</plugin>
I hope this helps hack writers that want to minimise the hassle for the end-user
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  #16  
Old 06-10-2005, 06:28 AM
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Cap'n Steve Cap'n Steve is offline
 
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Brad.loo
First and foremost plug-ins are stored in the database, serlized, unserlized and evaled on page generation. If you code preforms badly with such a wrapper forget making a plug-in and just hack it, trust me you'll thank yourself for it when your forum gets large.
Could you elaborate on this? Are there some known problems with eval() or something else?
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Old 06-10-2005, 06:45 AM
Logikos Logikos is offline
 
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Cap'n Steve
Could you elaborate on this? Are there some known problems with eval() or something else?
What he means is, if your code is just;
PHP Code:
echo $threadid
You better off hacking it, as if you add it to the plugin area, it has to call a query just to call that line.

The above is just a stupid example for you to understand better. Obviously we won't be using a echo in our hacks.
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  #18  
Old 06-10-2005, 06:54 AM
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Paul M Paul M is offline
 
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Revan
I have an addition to this tutorial:

<snip>
If you have developed the plugin on your own board then all you need do is use the plugin manager's download feature to create your ready made xml file for others to use.
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  #19  
Old 06-10-2005, 08:43 AM
Marco van Herwaarden Marco van Herwaarden is offline
 
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Guys (and girls) please don't use threads in the How-To's forum to say thank you or discuss things. Only post How-To's and additions to them so we can get clean instructions on how to solve problems.
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  #20  
Old 06-10-2005, 02:15 PM
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Something that might come in handy for those developing Plugins:

In class_hook.php FIND
PHP Code:
function &fetch_hook($hookname)

BELOW that ADD
PHP Code:
DEVDEBUG("Calling Hook $hookname"); 
Then (if debug mode is turned on) you can see which hooks are being called, and when they are being called.
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  #21  
Old 06-15-2005, 06:43 AM
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dwh dwh is offline
 
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I'm trying to get a handle on these hooks. What if you want to write custom code and just hook it into opening a new pm, or starting a new thread. How would that work?

Also is there a difference between a Plug-In and a Hook or are they the same thing?
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