1. A child directory inherits the parent .htaccess rules and you can apply additional rules to the child .htaccess file as well.
2. If the child directory has no .htaccess file then it will inherit the parent .htaccess file. However keep in mind that, depending on the rules that have been defined in the parent .htaccess file, it might not match in the child directory.
Whether or not you need a .htaccess file in all directories depends entirely on your configuration and needs.
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