Unfortunately, no with the default software. A guest can read any thread as long as the forum the thread is under has been given guest permission. You currently can create a separate forum for these special threads or post and give guests special access to them, but not at the thread or post level. Another guest could easily view some other guest's thread or post, by id, in this forum unless you obfuscate it through a modification.
You cannot set permissions on an individual guest. Default vBulletin was not engineered with that criteria.
We just recently discussed this subject here on vBulletin.org, with brighter minds then mine. I will see if I can find the post later and send it your way.
Note: A guest identification system could be setup and implemented, it is not impossible to achieve this.