Unfortunately a re-install isn't an option.
I'm working my way through logs but off the top don't see anything related to sendmessage.php or other obvious vbulletin php.
I do see a fair number of errors that look like the following, but googling suggests are comment spam, not php mail spam.
forums/index.php+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++Resu lt:+\xed\xe5+\xed\xe0\xf8\xeb\xee\xf1\xfc+\xf4\xee \xf0\xec\xfb+\xe4\xeb\xff+\xee\xf2\xef\xf0\xe0\xe2 \xea\xe8;+Result:+\xed\xe5+\xed\xe0\xf8\xeb\xee\xf 1\xfc+\xf4\xee\xf0\xec\xfb+\xe4\xeb\xff+\xee\xf2\x ef\xf0\xe0\xe2\xea\xe8;, referer:
http://URLRemovedByDoob.com/index.ph...0%E0%E2%EA%E8;