There isn't an existing conditional for that. You'd need to create a plugin, because even if there was a way to check the message length in a template conditional, you'd still need to know if the ad had been displayed yet or not.
I haven't tested this at all, but you could try this (using hook location
postbit_display_complete)
PHP Code:
$cutoff_length = 10;
if (!$adsense_displayed && (build_message_plain($post['message']) >= $cutoff_length))
{
$show['adsense'] = true;
$adsense_displayed = true;
}
else
$show['adsense'] = false;
(of course you'd change the 10 to whatever you want).
Then in postbit,
Code:
<vb:if condition="$show[adsense]">
(existing code)
</vb:if>